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Table 3 Reasons that affect attitudes for prescribing CE drugs

From: Attitudes towards prescribing cognitive enhancers among primary care physicians in Germany

 

a) 25-year old graduate student seeking to cope with the stress of graduate school

b) 45-year-old employee hoping to improve productivity

c) 65-year-old individual feeling concerns about his ability to perform everyday activities

Statistical analysis (p-value, OR, CI)

Availability of non-pharma-cological methods of achieving the same goals

61.5% (n = 512)

52.8% (n = 439)

31.3% (n = 260)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.071; CI: 0.039 – 0.127

Fear of misuse

60.6% (n = 504)

51.7% (n = 430)

21.8% (n = 181)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.056; CI: 0.34 – 0.91

Patient does not need the drug

54.3% (n = 452)

43.4% (n = 361)

25.1% (n = 209)

p < 0.000; OR: 0.073; CI: 0.048 – 0.112

Undermines the values of personal effort

26.9% (n = 224)

19.4% (n = 161)

8.4% (n = 70)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.027; CI: 0.15 – 0.49

To help patient succeed

13.5% (n = 114)

17.9% (n = 149)

14.8% (n = 123)

p = 0.498; OR: 0.141; CI: 0.109 – 0.181

Your cultural values

12.3% (n = 102)

11.3% (n = 94)

8.2% (n = 68)

p = 0.057; OR: 0.005; CI: 0.001 – 0.014

Fear of legal liability

10.1% (n = 84)

7.1% (n = 59)

4.4% (n = 37)

p = 0.000; OR: 0.002; CI: 0.000 – 0.014

It constitutes a form of cheating

10.1% (n = 84)

6.6% (n = 55)

2.6% (n = 22)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.006; CI: 0.002 – 0.020

To improve patients’ overall health and wellness

7.5% (n = 62)

14.4% (n = 120)

38.7% (n = 322)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.810; CI: 0.063 – 0.103

Respect for patients’ Autonomy

6.5% (n = 54)

8.7% (n = 72)

17.2% (n = 143)

p = 0.004; OR: 0.042; CI: 0.028 – 0.062

To improve daily living

6.1% (n = 51)

13.9% (n = 116)

47.6% (n = 396)

p < 0.001; OR: 0.096; CI: 0.075 – 0.122

Your religious believes

3.4% (n = 28)

3.6% (n = 30)

2.2% (n = 18)

p = 0.625; OR: 0.004; CI: 0.001 – 0.012

Patients‘ socio-economic Status

3.0% (n = 25)

6.6% (n = 55)

4.8% (n = 40)

p = 0.044; OR: 0.091; CI: 0.057 – 0.193

Drug is age-appropriate

1.6% (n = 13)

4.2% (n = 35)

20.7% (n = 127)

p < 0.001; OR:0.040; CI: 0.024 – 0.065

  1. Reasons affecting attitudes for prescribing CE drugs of the surveyed primary care physicians. Statistical analysis was carried using p-values, odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI).