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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants (n = 865)

From: Diagnostic characteristics and prognoses of primary-care patients referred for clinical exercise testing: a prospective observational study

 

Total n = 865

Men n = 438 (50.6%)

Women n = 427 (49.4%)

p

Age, mean (SD)

63 (12)

63 (12)

64 (11)

0.030

University or college degree

134 (17.3%)

50/394 (12.7%)

84/380 (22.1%)

0.001

Smoker, current or previous

455 (52.9%)

245/436 (56.2%)

210/424 (49.5%)

0.050

Past medical history

    

  Myocardial infarction

77 (9.0%)

57/434 (13.1%)

20/424 (4.7%)

<0.001

  Revascularization

75 (8.7%)

60/436 (13.8%)

15/426 (3.5%)

<0.001

  Stroke or TIA

51 (6.0%)

27/433 (6.2%)

24/422 (5.7%)

0.735

  Previous cardiovascular event

139 (16.3%)

92/432 (21.3%)

47/420 (11.2%)

<0.001

Present conditions

    

  Hypertension, medication for

464 (54.2%)

248/435 (57%)

216/421 (51.3%)

0.094

  Diabetes mellitus, treatment for

96 (11.2%)

56/434 (12.9%)

40/423 (9.5%)

0.110

  Dyslipidaemia, medication for

241 (28.2%)

144/433 (33.3%)

97/421 (23.0%)

0.001

  Congestive heart failure, medication for

104 (12.4%)

58/424 (13.7%)

46/414 (11.1%)

0.260

  Claudication

48 (5.7%)

25/430 (5.8%)

23/407 (5.7%)

0.919

Chest pain symptoms

    

  Ever have chest pain or discomfort in the chest

587 (70.0%)

272/426 (63.8%)

315/412 (76.5%)

<0.001

  Chest pain walking at an ordinary pace on the level

124 (14.7%)

59/431 (13.7%)

65/412 (15.8%)

0.392

  Chest pain walking uphill or in a hurry

408 (48.7%)

198/427 (46.4%)

210/411 (51.1%)

0.171

Angina diagnosis according to patient’s opinion

211 (26.4%)

111/404 (27.5%)

100/396 (25.3%)

0.476

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD)

147 (19)

148 (19)

147 (20)

0.503

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD)

84 (10)

85 (10)

84 (10)

0.043

Resting ECG

    

  Normal resting ECG

639 (73.9%)

303/438 (69.2%)

336/427 (78.7%)

0.001

  Atrial fibrillation

38 (4.4%)

27/438 (6.2%)

11/427 (2.6%)

0.010

  Atrioventricular block

23 (2.7%)

17/438 (3.9%)

6/427 (1.4%)

0.024

  Signs of myocardial scarring

73 (8.4%)

45/438 (10.3%)

28/427 (6.6%)

0.049

  Pathologic ST-T segment on resting ECG

106 (12.3%)

59/438 (13.5%)

47/427 (11.0%)

0.269

  1. SD: standard deviation. TIA: transitory ischaemic attack. ECG: electrocardiogram. Cardiovascular event: myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, or TIA. Myocardial scarring: pathologic Q-wave or altered R-wave progression compared to previous ECG.