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Table 2 Logistic regression analysis, stratified by ethnic group, of the relationship between depression and the presence of chronic pain

From: Ethnic differences in the association between depression and chronic pain: cross sectional results from UK Biobank

 

Ethnic group

Level of adjustmenta

White OR (95 % CI)*

Asian OR (95 % CI)*

Black OR (95 % CI)*

Model 1 - no adjustment

1.65 (1.61, 1.69)

1.77 (1.48, 2.11)

2.14 (1.78, 2.58)

Model 2 - adjusted for demographic factors

1.61 (1.57, 1.66)

1.71 (1.43, 2.05)

2.12 (1.75, 2.56)

Model 3 - adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors

1.53 (1.45, 1.57)

1.62 (1.35, 1.95)

1.99 (1.63, 2.42)

Model 4 - adjusted for demographic, lifestyle and morbidity count

1.46 (1.43, 1.51)

1.53 (1.27, 1.85)

1.86 (1.52, 2.27)

  1. *All individual associations and the overall models were significant at p < 0.001
  2. aReferent group for all models is the free of chronic pain group