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Table 1 The diagnosis of heart failure according to the ESC guidelines on heart failure 2012 [1]

From: Rationale, design and baseline results of the Treatment Optimisation in Primary care of Heart failure in the Utrecht region (TOPHU) study: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Diagnosis of HF with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)

Diagnosis of HF with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)

Symptoms typical of HF

Symptoms typical of HF

Signs typical of HFa

Signs typical of HFa

Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction

Normal or only mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricle not dilated

 

Relevant structural heart disease (LV hypertrophy/left atrial enlargement) and/or diastolic dysfunction

  1. HF heart failure
  2. aSigns may not be present in the early stages of heart failure (especially in HFpEF) and in patients treated with diuretics