Reference | Type of study | Outcomes measures | Effect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Quality score | Outcome | Measurement tool | ||
Burns et al., [29] | RCT | Affect | CES-D | Significant positive changes in the CES-D over time (p = 0.007), with no significant differences between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.311) |
Response to the behavioural manifestations of the disease | RMBPC | Significant positive changes in RMBPC scores over time (p = 0.010), with no significant differences between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.976) | ||
93 % | Risk of depression | CES-D >16 | No significant effects in the proportion of carers with scores of CES-D ≥ 16 (i.e. at risk of depression) between the intervention and control groups | |
Well-being | Modified GWB Scale | Significant positive changes in the GWB over time (p =0.004) between the intervention and control groups | ||
Nichols et al., [30] | Clinical translation (uncontrolled before and after study) | Burden | Zarit Burden Interview | No significant effects (p > 0.05) |
Bother with behaviours | RAM | Significant positive changes in the burden over time (p =0.004) | ||
Caregiving difficulties | No significant effects (p > 0.05) | |||
Caregiving frustrations | Significant positive changes over time (p = 0.004) | |||
Depression | Patient Health Questionnaire | Significant positive changes over time (p = 0.009) | ||
67 % | Impact of depression | RAM | Significant positive changes over time (p = 0.01) | |
Health behaviours | No significant effects (p > 0.05) | |||
Health status | Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 | |||
Self-Care/safety | RAM | |||
Social Support | ||||
Hours on duty, | ||||
Hours providing care | ||||
Fortinsky et al., [31] | Non-equivalent control group | Burden | Short Zarit Burden Interview | No statistically significant changes between the intervention and control groups in any of the median outcome measure scores over time (p > 0.05) |
Community support service use self-efficacy | Likert type 10-point score questionnaire | |||
68 % | Depressive symptoms | CES-D | No statistically significant changes between the intervention and control groups in any outcome measures after adjusting for the three time points (p > 0.05) | |
Symptom management self-efficacy | Likert type 10-point score questionnaire | |||
Rodriguez-Sanchez et al., [32] | RCT | Burden | Zarit Burden Interview | No significant effects for the intervention group compared with the control group (p > 0.05) |
Mental health | GHQ -12 | A significant reduction in GHQ-12 score for the intervention group compared with the control group (p = 0.01) | ||
89 % | Dysfunctional thoughts about caregiving | Losada questionnaire | Significant positive changes for the intervention group compared with the control (p = 0.01) | |
Quality of life | Ruiz and Baca questionnaire | No significant effects for the intervention group compared with the control group |