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Table 6 Per-protocol analysis of change in prescribing rates, showing sum scores per clinical topic and drug

From: Effect of audit and feedback with peer review on general practitioners’ prescribing and test ordering performance: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

 

Intervention

Control

 

Clinical topic

N

Mean before (sd)

Mean after (sd)

n

Mean before (sd)

Mean after (sd)

Ba (95% CI)

icc

Direction

p

Anaemia

 Iron preparations. oral

35

29.5 (22.5)

38.7 (25.6)

53

26.6 (27.6)

46.9 (54.2)

18.9 (−3.9, 41.7)

0.43

=

0.098

Urinary tract infections

 Antibiotics UTI

8

40.8 (24.0)

44.5 (29.7)

80

46.5 (36.3)

55.3 (44.8)

6.3 (−21.1, 33.8)

0.33

0.623

 Prostate complaints

26

68.5 (47.0)

79.5 (63.0)

62

65.5 (53.6)

125.9 (91.9)

28.5 (6.5, 50.7)

0.27

0.016

 Alpha receptor blockers

26

57.5 (41.1)

66.5 (54.2)

62

54.0 (44.9)

101.5 (73.2)

44.2 (6.0, 82.3)

0.49

0.027

 5 alpha reductase inhibitors

26

11.0 (7.5)

13.0 (11.7)

62

11.5 (11.0)

24.5 (22.9)

11.1 (2.1, 20.2)

0.05

0.020

 Stomach complaints

28

455.1 (294.7)

565.2 (303.7)

60

275.7 (253.8)

509.1 (433.0)

61.1 (15.0, 107.2)

0.11

0.014 b

 H2 antagonists

28

28.0 (22.4)

32.4 (26.8)

60

23.2 (22.35)

24.2 (22.6)

−2.4 (−21.5, 16.7)

0.68

0.788

 Proton pump inhibitors

28

425.9 (276.1)

531.5 (283.8)

60

251.6 (234.0)

483.7 (414.7)

254.8 (60.1, 449.5)

0.66

0.014 b

 Misoprostol

28

0 (0)

0 (0)

60

0.1 (0.4)

0.1 (0.45)

0.1 (−0.1, 0.2)

0.01

0.365

 Triple therapy (ATC A02BD04)

28

1.2 (2.5)

1.4 (1.8)

60

0.9 (1.2)

1.1 (1.6)

0.1 (−0.7, 0.8)

0.20

0.878b

 Thyroid dysfunction

29

82.2 (45.9)

99.2 (57.5)

59

86.0 (63.1)

128.5 (94.6)

12.6 (0.7, 24.4)

0.08

=

0.040

 Thyroid hormones

29

76.7 (43.5)

91.1 (52.2)

59

79.5 (58.8)

118.3 (87.8)

25.2 (2.1, 48.3)

0.19

=

0.035

 Antithyroid preparations

29

5.5 (7.4)

8.2 (13.2)

59

6.5 (7.7)

10.1 (14.0)

0.2 (−4.2, 4.6)

0.11

0.927

Perimenopausal complaints

24

59.4 (31.9)

56.5 (25.9)

64

51.2 (40.0)

51.3 (40.0)

1.5 (−2.3, 5.4)

0.21

0.414

 Oestrogens. oral

24

11.5 (8.0)

9.7 (6.2)

64

14.0 (14.0)

12.3 (12.4)

1.0 (−3.6, 5.5)

0.03

0.612

 Contraceptives (>50y)

24

5.1 (2.8)

5.9 (2.7)

64

3.2 (3.6)

6.5 (5.1)

2.5 (−0.9, 5.8)

0.31

0.137

 Hormone replacement therapy

24

38.7 (24.2)

36.3 (21.0)

64

31.1 (24.4)

29.8 (24.4)

2.6 (−9.7, 14.9)

0.60

0.652

 Clonidine

24

0.6 (1.5)

0.7 (2.7)

64

0.4 (1.5)

0.4 (1.6)

−0.3 (−1.4, 0.7)

0.11

0.508 b

 Tibolon

24

3.6 (3.7)

3.8 (4.1)

64

2.6 (3.0)

2.3 (3.3)

−0.7 (−2.0, 0.6)

0.00

0.294 b

  1. The desired direction of change is given in the column headed ‘Direction’. Numbers represent the number of DDDs prescribed per 6 months per 1000 patients
  2. n = number of practices
  3. aAdjusted difference between groups at end of intervention, corrected for baseline
  4. bStatistically significant interaction
  5. Thyroid dysfunctioning: Clonidine
  6. P10: B (95% CI): 30.3 (15.1, 45.5). p: <0.001 P10: B (95% CI): 0.4 (−0.4, 1.2). p: 0.327
  7. P90: B (95% CI): 186.7 (88.7, 284.7). p: <0.001 P90: B (95% CI):−1.3 (−2.2,−0.4). p: 0.005
  8. Stomach complaints: Tibolon
  9. P10: B (95% CI): 1.4 (−39.6, 42.6). p: 0.937 P10: B (95% CI): 0.9 (−0.8, 2.6). p: 0.297
  10. P90: B (95% CI): 408.8 (341.1, 476.5). p: <0.001 P90: B (95% CI):−2.3 (−4.0,−0.6). p: 0.008
  11. PPIs: Triple therapy (ATC A02BD04)
  12. P10: B (95% CI): 91.5 (−120.0, 303.0). p: 0.378 P10: B (95% CI):−0.8 (−1.9, 0.3). p: 0.133
  13. P90: B (95% CI): 347.4 (159.2, 0.8). p: <0.001 P90: B (95% CI): 1.4 (0.3, 2.5). p: 0.014