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Table 5 Clinical outcomes / alcohol consumption measures

From: Evidence based models of care for the treatment of alcohol use disorder in primary health care settings: a systematic review

Reference

Outcome measures

Results (95% Confidence Interval)

Moore et al. 2010 [19]

12 months

-At-risk drinking, % (3 & 12 mo)

3 mo: I = 49.6 vs C = 61.2; OR 0.41 (0.22–0.75)**

12 mo: NS

-One or more HDD in past 7 days, % (3 & 12 mo)

3 mo: I = 10.3 vs C = 16.9; OR 0.46 (0.22–0.99)*

12 mo: NS

-Number of drinks in past 7 days, mean (3 & 12 mo)

3 mo: I = 8.9 vs C = 10.7; OR 0.79 (0.7–0.9)***

12 mo: I = 9.39 vs C = 10.70; OR 0.87 (0.76–0.99)*

Ettner et al. 2014 [20]

12 months

-At-risk dinking, % (6 & 12 Mo)

6 mo: I = 60 vs C = 72**

12 mo: I = 56 vs C = 67 **

-Drinks per week, no, (6 & 12 Mo)

6 mo: I = 9.82 vs C = 12.24**

12 mo: I = 9.45 vs C = 11.64**

Wallhed-Finn et al. 2018 [21]

6 months

-Weekly alcohol consumption, gr

NS

- Heavy drinking days per month

NS

-ICD-10 criteria dependence at follow up

NS

-SIP total score

NS

-Proportion patients drinking under recommended levels

NS

Drummond et al. 2009 [22]

6 months

-Total number of drinks consumed in period

NS

-Drinks per drinking day

NS

-Percentage of days abstinent

NS

-Alcohol problems questionnaire

NS

Coulton et al. 2017 [23]

12 months

-Average drinks per day, mean (6 & 12 mo)

NS, NS

-AUDIT-C score, mean (6 &12 mo)

NS, NS

-AUCIT-C score, positive %, (6 &12 mo)

NS, NS

Oslin et al. 2013 [24]

6.5 months

-Presence/absence heavy drinking

NS

-Percent days heavy drinkinga

OR 2.16 (1.27, 3.66)*

-Presence/ absence of any drinking

NS

-SIP

NS

Watkins et al. 2017 [25]

SUMMIT trial

(Participant data of AUD subgroup without comorbid opioid dependence)

6 months

-Abstinence from all opioids and any alcohol, past 30 days, %

I = 25.32 vs C = 15.71; β 0.21 (0.07–0.35)*

-Abstinence from opioids, any alcohol, cocaine, methamphetamines and marijuana, past 30 days, %

I = 21.52 vs C = 14.29; β 0.17 (0.04–0.30)*

-Heavy drinking, past 30 days, %

NS

-Abstinence from all opioids and no heavy drinking, %

I = 44.29 vs C = 36.51; β 0.26 (0.10–0.42)**

-SIP score, alcohol & drugs score, mean

NS

Upshur et al. 2015 [26]

Project RENEWAL

6 months

-Reduction in of drinks per month (baseline to 6 months), median

I = 185 SD/month to 12 SD/month**

C = 87.3 SD/month to 1.3 SD/month**, difference between I and C = NS

-Nr drinks/month last 3 months, Median (SD) (3 & 6 mo)

NS, NS

-Nr drinks last 3 months (3 & 6 mo)

NS, NS

-Alcohol use consequences, mean (SD) (3 & 6 mo)

NS, NS

Bradley et al. 2018 [27]

CHOICE trial

12 months

-Heavy drinking days, % (3 &12 mo)

NS, NS

-Patients with good drinking outcomes, % (3 & 12 mo)

NS, NS

-Patients with no heavy drinking days, % (3 &12 mo)

NS, NS

-Days abstinent, % (3 & 12 mo)

3 mo: I = 30 vs C = 38*

12 mo: I = 35 vs C = 45*

-Patients abstinent, % (3 &12 mo)

NS, NS

-Patient drinking below weekly limits, %

NS, NS

-SIP score, mean

NS, NS

Saitz et al. 2013 [28]

AHEAD trial

(Data of AUD subgroup with/ without SUD)

12 months

-Abstinence from heavy drinking, past 30 days, %

NS

-No. of heavy drinking days in past 30 days, mean

NS

-Alcohol-related problem score, mean

I = 10.4 vs C = 13.1; OR 0.85 (0.72–1.00)*

Willenbring et al. 1999 [29]

24 months

-Positive DSM-II-R criteria (0–9), No

NS

-Drinking days during last 30 days, mean

I = 3.7 vs C = 7.0*

-Drinks per drinking day, No

I = 1.8 vs C = 3.0*

-Days since last drink, mean

NS

-Abstinent, %

I = 74 vs C = 48*

  1. Mo months, NS not significant, OR Odds ratio, SD standard drink; *p < 0.05, **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; a Timing of measurements unknown. Shading: indicates addiction specialty care as control group