Table 2 Normalisation Process Theory (May and Finch, 2009): Description of implementation work and specific questions for implementing interpreted consultations

Sense-making

Can stakeholders see the value and potential impact of interpreting?

Enrolment

Can they organise all the relevant stakeholders to get involved in driving the implementation forward?

Enactment

Have they the resources and skills to introduce and use interpreting in day-to-day practice? Do they have confidence and trust in the interpreted consultation and does the use of interpreters help the interaction between doctor and patient to achieve the goals of the consultation?

Appraisal

Can stakeholders evaluate the impact of interpreters and specify ways to reconfigure practice to sustain their use as a routine way of working?