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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients-visits for low back pain, 2012–2017

From: How do contraindications to non-opioid analgesics and opioids affect the likelihood that patients with back pain diagnoses in the primary care setting receive an opioid prescription? An observational cross-sectional study

 

No opioid prescription at office visit

n = 23,541

Opioid prescription at office visit

n = 1002

Total sample

n = 24,543

P-Value

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

Total

23,541 (96.9)

1002 (4.1)

24,543 (100)

Age

 Under Age 65

17,674 (96.0)

739 (4.0)

18,413

 

 Age 65 and Older

5867 (96.0)

263 (4.0)

6130

0.45

Sex

 Female

14,408 (96.1)

578 (3.9)

14,986

 

 Male

9133 (95.6)

424 (4.4)

9557

0.03

Hispanic Ethnicity

 Non-Hispanic

18,463 (96.0)

811 (4.0)

19,274

 

 Hispanic

3762 (96.5)

137 (3.5)

3899

 

 Unknown/Refused

1316 (96.5)

54 (3.5)

1370

0.13

Race

 White

13,914 (96.0)

585 (4.0)

14,499

 

 Black

4427 (94.2)

274 (5.8)

4701

 

 Asian/Pacific Islander

2716 (98.0)

57 (2.0)

2773

 

 Other/Unknown

2484 (96.7)

86 (3.3)

2570

< 0.001

Marital Status

 Single

7399 (96.2)

296 (3.8)

7695

 

 Married, Domestic Partnership, or Significant Other

12,147 (96.1)

487 (3.9)

12,634

 

 Divorced, Legally Separated, or Widowed

3112 (94.3)

189 (5.7)

3301

 

 Other/Unknown

883 (96.7)

30 (3.3)

913

< 0.001

Employment Status

 Full Time, Self-Employed, Part-Time or Full-Time Student

14,567 (96.1)

593 (3.9)

15,160

 

 Retired

4304 (95.6)

199 (4.4)

4503

 

 Disabled or Never Worked

1048 (94.2)

64 (5.8)

1112

 

 Not Employed, Unknown, or Missing

3622 (96.1)

146 (3.9)

3768

0.01

Chronic NSAID Use

 No

23,238 (98.7)

985 (98.3)

24,223

 

 Yes

303 (94.7)

17 (5.3)

320

0.26

Tobacco User

 Never Smoker

16,493 (96.4)

609 (3.6)

17,102

 

 Ever Smoker, Quit

4911 (95.1)

251 (4.9)

5162

 

 Ever Smoker, Current

1938 (93.4)

136 (6.6)

2074

 

 Unknown

199 (97.1)

6 (2.9)

205

< 0.001

Opioid Use Prior to the Index Visit

 No Opioid Use 45 Days Prior to Index Visit

22,177 (96.8)

735 (3.2)

22,912

 

 Intermittent Opioid Use Prior to Index Visit

1036 (86.8)

158 (13.2)

1194

 

 Long-Term Opioid Use Prior to Index Visit

328 (75.1)

109 (24.9)

437

< 0.001