Table 2 Means, ITC, Cronbach’s α, factor loadings, CR and AVE for each item

Sub-scale1

K1

Snoring in children during sleep is a disease

3.71 ± 1.00

0.57

0.928

0.929

0.75

0.86

0.50

K2

Children snoring needs medical treatment.

3.52 ± 1.10

0.66

0.926

0.73

K3

Knowing which hospital department to visit for children snoring.

3.21 ± 1.20

0.62

0.927

0.68

K4

Obesity is a cause of snoring in children.

3.58 ± 1.07

0.58

0.928

0.70

K5

Adenoid hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis are popular cause of children snoring.

3.43 ± 1.17

0.67

0.926

0.67

K6

Nasal disorders (e.g. sinusitis, deviated septum, nasal polyps, etc.) are a cause of snoring in children.

3.43 ± 1.12

0.66

0.927

0.72

Sub-scale2

K7

Children snoring can affect intelligent development.

3.16 ± 1.18

0.71

0.926

0.927

0.79

0.91

0.67

K8

Children snoring can affect the development of facial features.

3.16 ± 1.22

0.7

0.926

0.80

K9

Children snoring can lead to behavioural problems (e.g. social withdrawal, aggression, hyperactivity, etc.).

2.91 ± 1.16

0.7

0.926

0.84

K10

Children snoring can lead to headaches, fatigue, poor concentration in class and memory loss.

3.17 ± 1.20

0.7

0.926

0.81

K11

Children snoring can lead to otitis media (fluid in the middle ear, hearing loss).

2.89 ± 1.16

0.7

0.926

0.84

Sub-scale3

A1

Parents should pay close attention to whether their children snore while sleeping.

4.69 ± 0.73

0.34

0.931

0.931

0.61

0.87

0.52

A2

The child’s weight needs to be kept within normal limits.

4.71 ± 0.70

0.39

0.931

0.64

A3

Children Snoring needs to be improved as soon as possible.

4.73 ± 0.69

0.36

0.930

0.76

A4

Take the initiative to seek medical advice or consultation if you notice your child snore.

4.6 ± 0.70

0.48

0.929

0.79

A5

If the doctor recommends specialist treatment for Children Snoring, do you agree?

4.58 ± 0.76

0.46

0.929

0.78

A7

Hope that hospitals, communities, schools and the media will widely disseminate the health information about Children Snoring.

4.64 ± 0.70

0.33

0.931

0.74

Sub-scale4

P1

Pay attention to child’s breathing during sleep.

4.09 ± 0.96

0.56

0.928

0.928

0.65

0.90

0.53

P2

If child develops nasal congestion (poor nasal ventilation), the child will be taken to a doctor.

4.10 ± 1.02

0.57

0.928

0.74

P3

If child snore while sleeping, the child will be taken to a doctor.

3.71 ± 1.25

0.66

0.927

0.72

P4

Pay attention to the child’s mental state during the day and his or her concentration while studying.

3.99 ± 1.03

0.62

0.928

0.80

P5

Pay attention to whether child has hearing loss (e.g. TV turned up loud).

4.03 ± 1.00

0.58

0.928

0.80

P6

Pay attention to child’s upper jaw and upper lip for significant outward protrusion.

3.86 ± 1.14

0.67

0.927

0.73

P7

Arrange child’s diet and nutrition scientifically.

4.12 ± 0.92

0.66

0.929

0.74

P8

Supervise and urge child to take physical exercise everyday.

4.17 ± 0.91

0.71

0.929

0.67

Total

-

101.67 ± 15.85

-

-

Overall Cronbach’s α = 0.93

-

-

-

-

-

-

-